Are they Metastock data files?
MASTER, EMASTER & XMASTER files contain as the name suggests contains the Master information for the data files. These are fields like, Symbol, Security Name, Periodicity, # of fields in data, Starting Date, Ending Date, File Number, etc., for each file in the directory. And, you could search for Metastock file format, etc.,
First take a backup of your directory, and, keep it aside.
One crude way is, find out the last no. of the data file in the directory. This will be the no. followed by F in Fxxx.dat. I hope all the data is with the same periodicity. Now using Downloader, you can create as many files as in the original directory in a new directory with the same periodicity, and, give some name for the symbol, security (different for each file), etc., Downloader has created Master & EMaster for you in this directory. After you've created these files, take the Master, EMaster from this directory and copy them on to your original directory. After this you should be able to see your data, though the names will be different (other Master info will also be different). Run a Test to fix errors in the directory, which normally fixes the starting, ending dates. You will have to rename the security names to the required ones. This should work. Maybe this procedure might look complex reading it, but it is fairly simple while doing it.
Like I said, there is insufficient info on the nature of data. No. of files, periodicity of data, No. of fields (Date, Time, Open, High, Low, Close, Volume, OI), etc., You've better chances of recovering if you know these atleast, and, you do not have mixed periodicity data for different securities in the same folder. Wish you all the best, and, contact me for any clarifications required.