What is Muharrum? Who is Hussain? Why we remember Ashura?

#1
This thread is for the one who just want to know what Muharrum is?

We as a shia - believe in twelve Imam (leader) - mourn on the event that took place in Iraq (at a place known as Kerbala on the bank of the river Euphrates). In the month of Muharrum 61 AH (approx. 20 October 680 AD)

Muharrum, although being the first month of Islamic Calendar and embarking on a new year, is not a festival in the celebratory sense as it mourns the tragedy of Kerbala when Hussein, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, was martyred along with those of his family, friends, and relatives on the burning sands of Kerbala in Iraq.

It is not a month to rejoice or celebrate any event but to share our common grief and sorrows on the advent of the month of Muharrum.

History:
On the Tenth Day, of the First Month of the Islamic calendar,
on the hot desert plains of Kerbala, a small group of 73 noble individuals
were massacred by an army of 70,000 men.

The victims were devout followers of the religion of Islam.

The perpetrators, led by Yazeed, son of Mu'awiyah, claimed to follow that very same religion.

It was a day 'When Skies Wept Blood'. (When Imam Hussain was killed, the sky rained blood...)

Hussain sought to bring justice through this great sacrifice.

He did not revive the religion of Islam, he resurrected it.

Who is Hussain?
The leader of the small band of men who were martyred in Kerbala was none other than Husain (A), son of Ali bin Abi Talib (A) and grandson of the Holy Prophet (S).

He is the 3rd Imam (leader) of Shia, well known for his kindness, charity and love for the poor.

Why remember Ashura?
On the 10th of Muharrum, the day of Ashura each member of Hussein's family bravely fought and was martyred. The tyrants didn't even spare his infant 6 month old son Ali Asgher and pinned a deadly arrow in the baby's neck and all men, women, and children were denied water to drink for 3 days.

Although being a numerical minority, this did not deter them from continuing their struggle. They faced hardships and faced the most brutal oppressor, regardless of their condition. Hussein was killed on the battlefield as he did Sajdah while praying. His head was removed from his body on the plains of Kerbala, mounted on a spear, and paraded through villages and towns as it was taken to Damascus and presented at the feet of Yazid.

Although Hussein suffered physically, he gained moral victory and immortality. He refused to give into treacherous diplomacy, oppression and evil. His sacrifices and sufferings are unparalleled in human history. He not only revived the true principles of Islam but emerged as the leader of entire humanity. His actions of self-less devotion to the cause of Allah seem fruitless since he gained nothing physically, and lost everything of this world on account of his devotion and service to Allah. After his head was slaughtered, his family was captured and taken as prisoners of war, from Kufa to Damascus.

The commemoration of Ashura on the 10th of Muharram every year serves to remind us of the sacrifices of Imam Hussain & his family for the truth.

Lessons from Tragedy of Ashura:

]"The best lesson which we get from the tragedy of Kerbala, is that Hussein and his followers were the rigid believers of God. They illustrated that numeric superiority does not count when it comes to Truth and Falsehood. The victory of Hussein, despite his minority marvels me." -Thomas Carlyle

The greatest tragedy was that one, who stood up for the noblest of causes, the defence of Islam, was cut down in so cruel manner.

Kerbala is the cruelest tragedy humanity has ever seen.It taught humanity a lesson that standing for truth is more honorable and valuable than submitting to the wrongful, especially when the survival of Islam is at stake.

Hussein teaches us today not to give into falsehood or temptations, but to stand for what is right, the light, the truth, and keep strength and faith in all situations. His adherence to truth and justice is remarkable and overcame the love of life and its luxuries. He laid down his life, but he never stretched forth his hand to take oath of allegiance which could be given only in the cause of truth. The most valuable lesson this grave even brings is the perseverance and determination in the path of truth. In spite of being helplessly besieged by the enemy with members of family, relatives, and friends; witnessing his own kin wailing and shrieking with the intensity of thirst and hunger, lifting bodies from the battlefield stained with blood; Hussein never swerved an inch from the path of truth. He underwent these calamities all the while grateful to Allah. Every particle of the dust of Kerbala gives the lesson of patience and endurance to those who are open to its message.

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#4
Statements of Historians and World Leaders:

Of that gallant band, male and female knew that the enemy forces around were implacable, and were not only ready to fight, but to kill. Denied even water for the children, they remained parched under the burning sun and scorching sands, yet not one faltered for a moment. Husain marched with his little company, not to glory, not to power of wealth, but to a supreme sacrifice, and every member bravely faced the greatest odds without flinching. - Dr. K. Sheldrake

I learnt from Hussein how to achieve victory while being oppressed." -- Mahatma Gandhi

If Husain had fought to quench his worldly desires, as alleged by certain Christian critics, then I do not understand why his sister, wife, and children accompanied him. It stands to reason therefore, that he sacrificed purely for Islam. - Charles Dickens

"Imam Hussain's sacrifice is for all groups and communities, an example of the path of rightousness." - Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru

Reynold Alleyne Nicholson
"Hussain fell, pierced by an arrow, and his brave followers were cut down beside him to the last man. Muhammadan tradition, which with rare exceptions is uniformly hostile to the Umayyad dynasty, regards Hussain as a martyr and Yazid as his murderer."
[A Literary History of the Arabs, Cambridge, 1930, p197]

Edward Gibbon
"In a distant age and climate the tragic scene of the death of Hussain will awaken the sympathy of the coldest reader."
[The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, London, 1911, volume 5, pp391-2]

"The sacrifice of Imam Hussain is not limited to one country, or nation, but it is the hereditary state of the brotherhood of all mankind." - Dr. Rajendra Prasad

"Though Imam Hussain gave his life almost 1300 years ago, but his indestructible soul rules the hearts of people even today." - Dr. Radha Krishnan

"It is Hussain's sacrifice that has kept Islam alive or else in this world there would be no one left to take Islam's name." - Swami Shankaracharya

"I congratulate Muslims that from among them, Hussain, a great human being was born, who is reverted and honored totally by all communities." - Mrs. Sarojini Naidu

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